Savetsila, Sitti

Sitti Savetsila
thailandez สิทธิเศวตศิลา
Sitti Savetsila în anii 1980
Membru al Consiliului Privat al Thailandei [1]
din 24 decembrie 1991 [1]
Monarh	Bhumibol Adulyadej
Vicepremier al Thailandei [1]
15 ianuarie  - 5 august 1986
Şeful guvernului	Prem Tinsulanon
Ministrul Afacerilor Externe al Thailandei [1]
11 februarie 1980  - 26 august 1990
Şeful guvernului	Kriangsak Chamanan → Prem Tinsulanon → Chatchai Choonhawan
Monarh	Bhumibol Adulyadej
Predecesor	Pachariyangkun va cădea
Succesor	Subin Pinkayan
Membru al Camerei Reprezentanților Adunării Naționale a Thailandei
1983  - 1990
senator al Thailandei [1]
1981  - 1982
Ministru fără portofoliu la biroul primului ministru [1]
1979  - 1980
Şeful guvernului	Kriangsak Chamamanan
Secretar general al Consiliului Național de Securitate al Thailandei [1]
1975  - 1980
Şeful guvernului	Kykrit Pramot → Seni Pramot → Tanin Kraivichien → Kriangsak Chamanan
Monarh	Bhumibol Adulyadej
Naștere	7 ianuarie 1919 Bangkok , Siam( 07.01.1919 )
Moarte	5 decembrie 2015 (96 de ani) Bangkok , Thailanda( 05-12-2015 )
Soție	Thanphuing Thida Savetsila
Copii	patru copii
Transportul	Partidul Acțiunii Sociale (Președinte 1985-1990) [3] [4]
Educaţie	MIT Școala Mahavajiravudh Songkhla [d]
Grad academic	Maestru în Metalurgie ( MIT ) [1] , doctorat onorific de la o serie de universități
Autograf
Premii
Serviciu militar
Tip de armată	Forțele Aeriene Regale Thai
Rang	mareșal șef aer [2]
bătălii	Teatrul Pacific al celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial
Fișiere media la Wikimedia Commons

Sitti Savetsila [3] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [2] , este de asemenea menționată în sursele în limba rusă ca Siddhi [10] , Sitthi [11] sau Siti Savetsila [12] ( thailandeză สิทธิ เศวต ศิลา, [ s ì t t ʰ ì ʔ  s à ʔ w è ː t s ì ʔ l a ː ], engleză Siddhi  Savetsila 2 ; 5 ianuarie  , 19 decembrie , Bangkok , Thailanda 1 ; - Militar și om de stat thailandez, mareșal șef aerian [2] , ministru al afacerilor externe (1980-1990), viceprim-ministru (1986) și membru al Consiliului Privat al Regelui Thailandei (din 1991).

Biografie

Născut la Bangkok într-o familie aristocratică de origine mixtă. Tatăl său a fost un oficial de rang înalt în administrația regală, bunicul său patern a fost Henry Alabaster , consulul britanic în Siam sub regele Rama al IV-lea (cunoscut sub numele de regele Mongkut ), care a devenit mai târziu consilier al regelui Rama V ( Chulalongkorn ). ), a primit cetățenia siameză și a produs strămoșilor clanului Savetsila [13] , în timp ce mama provenea din influentul clan Bunnag [14] .

A studiat la școlile din Wat Ratchabophit, Suan Kularb Wittayalai Mahavajiravudh Songkhla, Colegiul Sfântul Gabriel, apoi a absolvit Facultatea de Inginerie de la Universitatea Chulalongkorn , absolvind cu onoare în 1938 [15] . După ce a câștigat o direcție și o bursă de la Royal Thai Air Force , și-a continuat studiile la Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( SUA ) [15] , primind o diplomă de licență MIT în inginerie metalurgică în 1943 [1] .

Revenit în patria sa în timpul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial , s-a alăturat mișcării clandestine Thailanda Liberă , care a luptat împotriva ocupării efective a țării de către autoritățile japoneze, printre altele, ajutând agenții Oficiului pentru Servicii Strategice din SUA (predecesorul CIA ). ) colectează date despre japonezi [16] . După încheierea războiului, și-a continuat studiile la MIT, obținând o diplomă de master în 1947 [1] și, ulterior, rămânând membru al societății caritabile de absolvenți a Institutului William Barton Rogers [17] .

Ulterior s-a înrolat în Forțele Aeriene Regale Thai , ajungând în cele din urmă la cel mai înalt grad de mareșal șef al aerului (phon akat ek) [1] .

În 1973, a devenit adjunct, iar în 1975-1980 - secretar general al Consiliului de Securitate Națională din Thailanda [1] , în special, a ocupat funcția de ministru în biroul primului ministru Kriangsak Chamamanan în 1979-1980 în timpul Cambodgiano-vietnamez. conflict .

În 1980 a fost numit ministru al afacerilor externe [1] . A rămas în funcție în mijlocul a două succesiuni de premieri, aproape până la sfârșitul funcțiilor celui de-al 17-lea prim-ministru al Thailandei, Chatchai Choonhawan ; Reprezentând țara în această calitate în ONU și ASEAN , a menținut în mod constant o poziție dură împotriva părții vietnameze în conflictul actual cambodgian-vietnamez.

În 1983 a fost ales deputat, iar în 1985, după demisia lui Kikrit Pramot , a devenit președinte al Partidului Acțiunea Socială [4] . După participarea partidului la alegerile din 1986, a devenit pentru o vreme viceprim-ministru [1] .

Atât cariera ministerială, cât și cea de partid-parlamentară a politicianului se încheie în 1990, după ce prim-ministrul Chatchai Choonhavan urmează un curs de îmbunătățire a relațiilor cu țările socialiste din Asia de Sud-Est. Sitti a demisionat din funcția de ministru al Afacerilor Externe în august 1990 [1] , în septembrie a demisionat din președinția partidului, iar o lună mai târziu a părăsit complet atât partidul, cât și parlamentul, explicând acest lucru prin oboseala de politică [ 18] . La sfârșitul anului 1991, însă, a revenit în politică ca membru al Consiliului Privat al regelui Bhumibol Adulyadej [1]

Implicarea lui S/Savetsil în politica thailandeză a fost distinsă cu o serie de premii, inclusiv Medalia Royal Cypher Clasa a III-a (1968), Ordinul Coroanei Thailandei Clasa Specială (înaltă) (tot în 1968) [19] , Ordinul Albului Clasa specială Elephant (1975) [20] și Marea Cruce a Ordinului Chula Chom Klao (1996) [21] , precum și premii din 14 țări străine [1] .

Pe lângă diplomele de metalurgie pe care le-a primit în anii 1940, în perioada 1983-1997 a primit un doctorat onorific în drept de la Universitatea din Filipine [22] și de la Universitatea Națională din Singapore [23] , și a primit și onorific doctorate de la cinci universități din Thailanda [ 1] .

Note

1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 S.E. Mareșalul șef al aerului Siddhi Savetsila, consilier privat  (engleză)  (link nu este disponibil) . Biroul Secretarului Privat Principal al Majestății Sale. Consultat la 6 februarie 2016. Arhivat din original la 8 decembrie 2015.
2. ↑ 1 2 3 L. P. Kravcenko. SAVETSILA, Siddhi // Cine este cine în politica mondială . - Politizdat, 1990. - S. 389. - 558 p.
3. ↑ 1 2 Pakhomova, Lyudmila FedorovnaL. F. Pakhomova. Burghezia modernă a țărilor din Asia de Sud-Est. - Editura „Știință”, șef. ed. literatura răsăriteană, 1987. - S. 43. - 231 p.
4. ↑ 1 2 Joseph Liow, Michael Leifer. Kukrit Pramoj // Dicționar de politică modernă a Asiei de Sud-Est . — ediția a IV-a. - Routledge, 2014. - ISBN 9781317622321 .
5. ↑ V. V. Zagladin, G. A. Kiselev, Anatoly Agaryshev. Partidele politice: o carte de referință. - Editura Polit. literatură, 1986. - S. 201. - 381 p.
6. ↑ Pentru pacea și securitatea popoarelor: documente ale politicii externe a URSS. - Politizdat, 1989. - T. 2. - S. 508.
7. ↑ Boris Cehonin. Amintiri: De la Stalin la Putin . - Algoritm-B, 2007. - S. 441. - 542 p. — ISBN 9785901838525 .
8. ↑ Culegere de tratate internaționale ale URSS . - M . : Relaţii internaţionale, 1994. - T. XLIV. - S. 33.
9. ↑ Viața internațională . - Întreaga Unire. Societatea de diseminare a udatului. si stiintifica cunoștințe, 1987, nr. 7. - S. 35.
10. ↑ Lee Kuan Yew . Dezvoltarea legăturilor cu Thailanda, Filipine și Brunei // De la lumea a treia la prima: o istorie a Singapore (1965–2000) . - Mann, Ivanov și Ferber, 2013. - S. 244, 279. - 576 p. — ISBN 9785916576245 .
11. ↑ V. S. Rudnev . Politica SUA în Asia de Sud-Est . - M . : Editura „Nauka”, Şef. ed. Literatura răsăriteană, 1986. - S. 69, 114. - 191 p.
12. ↑ Procesul de politică externă în țările din Est / Ed. prof. D. V. Streltsova . - Aspect Press, 2011. - P. 149. - 335 p.
13. ↑ Pichaya Svasti. Cimitirul protestant  . Bangkok Post (31 octombrie 2012). Preluat: 5 februarie 2016.
14. ↑ สาย เจ้า คุณ พระ นวล ที่ ๔ สาย สุรพันธพิสุทธิ์ สุรพันธพิสุทธิ์ สุรพันธพิสุทธิ์ บุนนาค บุนนาค ได้ ได้ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ แก่ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ ได้ได้ได้ได้ได้ได้ /www.bunnag.html toi.1.2.1.2.2.2.2.2.03.03.03.03.03.03.03.2012 
15. ↑ 1 2 Consilierul privat Siddhi moare la 96 de ani , Bangkok Post  (5 decembrie 2015). Preluat la 6 decembrie 2015.
16. ↑ Daniel Fineman. Formarea Alianței // O relație specială: Statele Unite și guvernul militar din Thailanda, 1947-1958 . - University of Hawaii Press, 1997. - P. 133. - ISBN 9780824818180 . Arhivat pe 19 martie 2013 la Wayback Machine
17. ↑ Materials Science & Engineering, FY 2013 Final Results  (engleză)  (link nu este disponibil) . Institutul de tehnologie din Massachusetts. Data accesului: 5 februarie 2016. Arhivat din original pe 26 septembrie 2015.
18. ↑ Michael Leifer. Siddhi Savetsila (Thailanda) // Dicționar de politică modernă a Asiei de Sud-Est . - A treia editie. - Routledge, 2001. - P. 244. - ISBN 9780415238755 . Arhivat pe 16 februarie 2017 la Wayback Machine
19. ↑ ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, แจ้ง ความ สำนัก รัฐมนตรี เรื่อง ราชทาน เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ Copie arhivistică din 4 martie 2016 pe mașina Waybackเล่ม 85 ตอน 122 วัน 31 ธันวาคม 2511
20. ↑ ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, แจ้ง ความ สำนัก รัฐมนตรี เรื่อง ราชทาน เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ Copie arhivistică din 4 martie 2016 pe mașina Waybackเล่ม ตอน ๒๖๓ ง วัน ที่ ๒๖ ๒๕๑๘ ๒๕๑๘ ๒๕๑๘ ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม ธันวาคม
21. ↑ ประกาศ สำนัก นายก รัฐมนตรี พระ ราชทาน เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ จุลจอมเกล้า ใน วโรกาส ฉัตร มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล มงคล เล่ม เล่ม๑๑๓๗๔ พ พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๙หน้า๑
22. ↑ Conferirea diplomelor de onoare // The University of the Philippines Gazette. - ianuarie-martie 1983. - Vol. XIV, nr 2. - P. 38-39.
23. ↑ Destinatari de diplome de onoare  . Universitatea Națională din Singapore. Data accesului: 6 februarie 2016. Arhivat din original la 30 iunie 2019.